Showing posts with label PAST PERFECT. Show all posts
Showing posts with label PAST PERFECT. Show all posts

Sunday, 4 November 2012

TABLE OF PERFECT TENSES IN ENGLISH





Have a look at the perfect tenses in English: present perfect, present perfect continuous, past perfect and past perfect continuous.

 
TENSE USE
EXAMPLES
SIGNAL WORDS
Present perfect
to put emphasis on the resultto express an action that is still going on
to express an action that stopped recently
for a finished action that has an influence on the present
for an action that has(n't) taken place before
He has studied two units
She has lived here for two years I have made coffee
I have lost my keys
I have never been to Canada
since, for, ever, just, never, yet, so far, till now, up to now, already, recently, lately
Present perfect continuous
to emphasise the duration or continuous course of an action
temporary situation
an action that has just stopped
I have been running for an hour
I have been living here for a month
I have been watching a film on TV
How long , since, for, so far, up to now,
Past perfect For past actions or situations which happened before anther past action or situation
For events before a specific time in the past
When I arrived, they had gone to bed
By 12:30 they had finished lunch
already, by ..., until that day
Past perfect continuous
to emphasise the duration or course of an action which happened before another past action The flowers were wet because it had been raining for, the whole day,

Thursday, 5 January 2012

PAST PERFECT


El Past Perfect es un tiempo verbal que se utiliza para referirnos a una acción que tuvo lugar en un momento anterior a otra acción, aunque ambas hayan sucedido en el pasado estableciendo un orden entre ellas.

The film had finished when she arrived at the cinema.
La película había terminado cuando ella llegó al cine.
(Primera acción: la película había terminado
Segunda acción: ella llegó al cine)


Sarah had prepared dinner when her husband got home.
Sarah había preparado la cena cuando su esposo llegó a casa.
(Primera acción: Sarah había preparado la cena
Segunda acción: su esposo llegó a casa)

Para poder construir la forma afirmativa del Past Perfect debemos utilizar HAD acompañado por el verbo principal en Participio (si es un verbo regular +ed, si es irregular el participio lo encuentras en la tercera columna de la lista)
I had bought a new car.Yo había comprado un nuevo auto.
You had cleaned the house.Tú habías limpiado la casa.
He had brought the gifts.Él había traído los regalos.
She had lost the credit card.Ella había perdido la tarjeta de crédito.

Para formar una interrogación deberemos colocar el HAD al comienzo de la oración, luego el sujeto y posteriormente el verbo principal también en Participio:

Had I bought a new car? ¿Había comprado yo un nuevo auto?
Had you cleaned the house?¿Habías limpiado tú la casa?
Had he brought the gifts? ¿Había traído él los regalos?
Had she lost the credit card? ¿Había perdido ella la tarjeta de crédito?
Por su parte, la forma negativa se construye poniendo la negación NOT entre el auxiliar y el verbo principal, por ejemplo:

I had not bought a new dress. Yo no había comprado un nuevo vestido.
You had not cleaned the house. Tú no habías limpiado la casa.
He had not brought the gifts.Él no había traído los regalos.
She had not lost the credit card.Ella no había perdido la tarjeta de crédito.
También puede utilizarse la forma contraída de la negación colocando HADN'T en vez de HAD NOT.